Group Theory

The notion of group theory first came to light as early as in 1770 by Joseph Louis Lagrange In the vicinity of 1830 Evariste Galois extended Lagrange’s work in the exploration of solutions of equations and introduced first the term ‘group’. During those days mathematicians were working with groups of transformations. These were nothing but a collection of mappings that under operation possessed certain attributes. In the beginning, a group was a set of permutations (i.e., one-to-one correspondence/bijection) with the characteristic that the combination of any two permutations is again a permutation and belongs to the same set.